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Comparison List

EGFP

a.k.a. enhanced GFP, GFPmut1

similar: mEGFP

EGFP is a basic (constitutively fluorescent) green fluorescent protein published in 1996, derived from Aequorea victoria. It is reported to be a rapidly-maturing weak dimer with moderate acid sensitivity.
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Oligomerization Organism Molecular Weight Cofactor
Weak dimer Aequorea victoria 26.9 kDa -

FPbase ID: R9NL8

Attributes

Ex λ Em λ EC (M-1 cm-1) QY Brightness pKa Maturation (min) Lifetime (ns)
488 507 55,900 0.6 33.54 6.0 25.0 2.6
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EGFP OSER Measurements

% Normal Cells OSER/NE ratio Cell Type Reference
- 3.89 ± 0.25 (50 cells) U-2 OS Costantini et al. (2012)
76.5 ± 6.9 (10000 cells) - HeLa Hoi et al. (2013)
76.5 ± 6.9 (10000 cells) - HeLa Shaner et al. (2013)
76.5 ± 6.9 (10000 cells) - HeLa Cranfill et al. (2016)

Photostability

t1/2 (s) Power Light Mode In Cell Fusion ˚C Reference
50.1 1.5 (mW) Laser Point Scanning Confocal Hela Zhong et al. (2018)
174.0 Arc-lamp Widefield none 23.0 Shaner et al. (2005)
A caution on interpretation of photostability measurements
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EGFP Sequence

BLAST

EGFP was derived from avGFP with the following mutations: M1_S2insV/F64L/S65T/H231L

MVSKGEELFTGVVPILVELDGDVNGHKFSVSGEGEGDATYGKLTLKFICTTGKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPDHMKQHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTIFFKDDGNYKTRAEVKFEGDTLVNRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNYNSHNVYIMADKQKNGIKVNFKIRHNIEDGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDNHYLSTQSALSKDPNEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGITLGMDELYK
GenBank: AAB02572
UniProtKB: C5MKY7
IPG: 928978

Structure

Deposited: ,
Chromophore (TYG):

Excerpts

The rate at which fluorophores absorb light depends on their orientation with respect to the incoming light wave, and the apparent intensity of their emission depends on their orientation with respect to the observer. In EGFP, the direction of the transition dipole moment is 14° from the line connecting the centers of the aromatic rings.

Myšková et al. (2020)

Primary Reference

FACS-optimized mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)

Cormack Bp, Valdivia Rh, Falkow S

(1996). Gene, 173(1) , 33-38. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00685-0. Article

Additional References

  1. Directionality of light absorption and emission in representative fluorescent proteins

    Myšková J, Rybakova O, Brynda J, Khoroshyy P, Bondar A, Lazar J

    (2020). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(51) , 32395-32401. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2017379117. Article   Pubmed

  2. Green Fluorescent Protein with Anionic Tryptophan-Based Chromophore and Long Fluorescence Lifetime

    Sarkisyan Ks, Goryashchenko As, Lidsky Pv, Gorbachev Da, Bozhanova Ng, Gorokhovatsky Ay, Pereverzeva Ar, Ryumina Ap, Zherdeva Vv, Savitsky Ap, Solntsev Km, Bommarius As, Sharonov Gv, Lindquist Jr, Drobizhev M, Hughes Te, Rebane A, Lukyanov Ka, Mishin As

    (2015). Biophysical Journal, 109(2) , 380-389. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.018. Article   Pubmed

  3. Crystal Structure of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein to 1.35 Å Resolution Reveals Alternative Conformations for Glu222

    Arpino Jaj, Rizkallah Pj, Jones Dd

    (2012). PLoS ONE, 7(10) , e47132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047132. Article   Pubmed

  4. Two-photon absorption properties of fluorescent proteins

    Drobizhev M, Makarov Ns, Tillo Se, Hughes Te, Rebane A

    (2011). Nature Methods, 8(5) , 393-399. doi: 10.1038/nmeth.1596. Article   Pubmed

  5. Multiphoton molecular spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP): acid–base specificity

    Heikal Aa, Hess St, Webb Ww

    (2001). Chemical Physics, 274(1) , 37-55. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0104(01)00486-4. Article

  6. Chapter 2: Understanding Structure—Function Relationships in the Aequorea victoria Green Fluorescent Protein

    Cubitt Ab, Woollenweber La, Heim R

    (1998). Methods in Cell Biology, , 19-30. doi: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)61946-9. Article

  7. THE GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN

    Tsien Ry

    (1998). Annual Review of Biochemistry, 67(1) , 509-544. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.509. Article   Pubmed

  8. Use of the green fluorescent protein and its mutants in quantitative fluorescence microscopy

    Patterson Gh, Knobel Sm, Sharif Wd, Kain Sr, Piston Dw

    (1997). Biophysical Journal, 73(5) , 2782-2790. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3495(97)78307-3. Article

  9. An Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein Allows Sensitive Detection of Gene Transfer in Mammalian Cells

    Zhang G, Gurtu V, Kain Sr

    (1996). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 227(3) , 707-711. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1573. Article   Pubmed

  10. Optimized Codon Usage and Chromophore Mutations Provide Enhanced Sensitivity with the Green Fluorescent Protein

    Yang T-T, Cheng L, Kain Sr

    (1996). Nucleic Acids Research, 24(22) , 4592-4593. doi: 10.1093/nar/24.22.4592. Article

External Resources

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